1. Asia
2. something more or less than Asia
■ In its dictionary sense, アジア corresponds precisely in meaning to the usual dictionary meaning of "Asia" in English, that is, the full continent of Asia, including Russia east of the Urals, Turkey east of the Bosporus, the Arabian peninsula, the Indian subcontinent, Japan, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, etc. See the dictionary definitions below.
□ The kanji version of the word (亜細亜) occurs occasionally in proper names, but it is rare in running text.
◇ アジア [Asia] 六大州の一。東半球の北部を占める。世界陸地の約三分の一にあたり、ヨーロッパ州とともにユーラシア大陸をなす。南北はインドネシアからシベリア、東西は日本からトルコおよびアラビアにわたる地域。ウラル山脈・カスピ海・カフカス山脈・黒海・ボスポラス海峡によりヨーロッパと画され、スエズ地峡によりアフリカ大陸に接する。
(From the definition in the Japanese-Japanese dictionary 大辞林(だいじりん), second edition, 1995)
Asia largest continent, situated in the Eastern Hemisphere, bounded by the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, and separated from N Europe by the Ural Mountains: it includes, in additions to the nations on the land mass, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia, & Indonesia
(From the definition in Webster's New World College Dictionary, fourth edition, 1999)
2. something more or less than Asia
■ In actual usage, アジア often refers to a specific subarea of Asia, particularly China, Korea, Taiwan, and the countries of Southeast Asia, that is, the Asian countries with which Japan has had active cultural and economic ties. Eastern Russia is usually excluded from アジア in this sense, as are the countries of central, south, and western Asia.
Sometimes アジア also includes countries that are not considered part of Asia in English, such as Australia or New Zealand.
□ The elasticity of this sense of アジア has several likely explanations. One is simple geographic ignorance; average Japanese, just like average people in most countries, often have only a vague concept of where countries are located on the globe. But in many cases the narrower or broader meanings of アジア reflect a practical conception of which countries share certain characteristics. From the Japanese point of view, China, Korea, Taiwan, and some countries in Southeast Asia share certain important properties with each other and with Japan, including religion (particularly Buddhism), the facial features of their peoples, and strong economic ties to Japan, that are not shared by, for example, Afghanistan or eastern Russia. The inclusion of Australia or New Zealand with Asia may be due to the standard opposition of アジア versus 欧米(おうべい, Europe and America), and anything that is not 欧米 is considered to be part of アジア (except Africa, which is usually ignored in such simplistic divisions of the world).
Whatever the reason, it is important to remember that アジア and "Asia" do not necessarily mean the same thing.
It should also be noted that 日本 is sometimes used in contrast to アジア (though in many cases only as a convenience and not as an indication that Japan is not considered part of Asia), that 東南〔とうなん)アジア sometimes refers to Southeast Asia and sometimes refers to South, Southeast, and East Asia, and that 南西(なんせい)アジア refers to the Indian subcontinent, what would be called "South Asia" in English.
◇ 初日前半のテーマは「アジアの経済発展と地域協力」。タイとインド、ベトナム、ミャンマーなど新興成長国の経済、外交責任者が現状、課題と域内協力の構想を明らかにした。(Web, August 2000)
(This is a typical use of アジア to mean countries of South, Southeast, or East Asia but not western or northeastern Asia.)
さらに、最近のアジア料理に関するクッキング・ブックは、中華料理、インド料理、タイ料理といった各国料理別の専門書から、「ザ・フード・オブ・アジア」、「ア・テイスト・オブ・ザ・イースト」といった名前のついたアジア全般の料理を広く紹介するスタイルの本が主流となっている。(Web, August 2000)
夕方からインド料理のお店に集合して飯を食べる。
ボクはアジア料理が大好物。食べまくりのラッシー(ヨーグルトみたいなの)のみまくり。(Web, August 2000)
In the above two examples, アジア料理(りょうり) "Asian food" includes the food of India, but in the following table Indian food is listed as "other.")
| アジア料理 | スパイシーでライトなタイ、日本、雲南、四川料理 |
| サウス・ウェスト/メキシカン料理 | テックスメックス、プエブロ、メキシコの地方料理 |
| 地中海料理 | シシリー、サルデニア、北アフリカ、ギリシャ、トルコ料理 |
| アメリカの地方料理 | ケージャン/クレオール、南部、ニューイングランド、チェサピーク・シーフードなど |
| 中央ヨーロッパ料理 | プラハ・ビア・ホール、ドイツ、ポーランド、ロシア料理 |
| フレーバーをテーマに | ガーリック、胡椒、マリネード、スパイシー・サラダ、ベジタリアン、ラップ料理 |
| その他 | アフリカ料理、インド料理 |
This entry was created by Tom Gally, with additional contributions by Jim Lockhart and Richard Peterson.
Created 2000-08-31. Additional examples added by TG 2000-09-14 and 2000-09-21 at JL's suggestion. Ambiguous example removed, as pointed out by RP 2000-10-14.